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Explore overview, symptoms, causes, treatment, diagnosis, prevention, and FAQ articles for this condition.
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Treatment for Kyphosis
Kyphosis is treated with a combination of observation, physical therapy, bracing, medication in selected cases, and surgery for more severe or progressive deformity. The choice of treatment depends on the cause of the spinal curvature, the degree of structural change, the…
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Prevention of Kyphosis
Kyphosis is an outward curvature of the thoracic spine that becomes clinically important when the curve is excessive, rigid, progressive, or associated with pain, posture change, breathing limitation, or neurologic compromise. Whether it can be prevented depends on the cause. Some…
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FAQ about Kyphosis
This FAQ article explains kyphosis in clear, practical terms. It covers what kyphosis is, why it develops, how it is diagnosed, what treatments are available, and what people can expect over time. It also addresses common questions about prevention, risk factors,…
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What is Kyphosis
Kyphosis is a spinal condition in which the upper back develops an abnormally increased forward curve. In a healthy spine, the thoracic region naturally has a gentle backward curve, but in kyphosis that curve becomes exaggerated because the vertebrae, intervertebral discs,…
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Symptoms of Kyphosis
The symptoms of kyphosis are usually centered on an abnormal forward rounding of the upper spine, but the condition can also produce pain, stiffness, fatigue, postural imbalance, and, in more advanced cases, breathing difficulty or neurologic symptoms. These effects arise because…
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Diagnosis of Vesicoureteral reflux
Vesicoureteral reflux, often abbreviated as VUR, is usually identified when urine is seen flowing backward from the bladder toward the ureters and, in some cases, the kidneys. Because this reverse flow is not visible from symptoms alone, diagnosis depends on a…