fever

FAQ about Invasive aspergillosis

Invasive aspergillosis is a serious fungal infection that can affect people whose immune defenses are weakened. This FAQ explains what the condition is, why it happens, how it is diagnosed, what treatment usually involves, and what patients and families should know…

Prevention of Lyme disease

Lyme disease can be prevented to a meaningful extent, but prevention is not absolute. The illness develops when Borrelia burgdorferi or related Borrelia bacteria are transmitted to a person through the bite of an infected tick, most often a blacklegged tick.…

FAQ about Lyme disease

This FAQ article explains the basics of Lyme disease, from what it is and how it develops to how doctors diagnose, treat, and help prevent it. Lyme disease is a tick-borne infection that can affect the skin, joints, nervous system, and…

What is Lyme disease

Lyme disease is an infectious disease caused by certain Borrelia bacteria, usually transmitted to humans through the bite of infected ticks. It primarily affects the immune system, skin, joints, nervous system, and sometimes the heart . The illness develops when the…

Symptoms of Lyme disease

What are the symptoms of Lyme disease? The condition most often causes a characteristic skin rash, fever, fatigue, headache, muscle and joint pain, and later, in some cases, neurologic or cardiac symptoms. These effects do not arise randomly. They reflect the…

Causes of Lyme disease

Lyme disease is caused by infection with Borrelia bacteria, most often Borrelia burgdorferi in North America and related species in Europe and Asia. The disease develops when these spirochete bacteria enter the body, evade early immune defenses, and spread from the…

Diagnosis of Vesicoureteral reflux

Vesicoureteral reflux, often abbreviated as VUR, is usually identified when urine is seen flowing backward from the bladder toward the ureters and, in some cases, the kidneys. Because this reverse flow is not visible from symptoms alone, diagnosis depends on a…