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Articles
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FAQ about Vitiligo
This FAQ explains what vitiligo is, why it happens, how it is diagnosed, and what treatment options can help. It also addresses common concerns about long-term outlook, risk factors, and questions people often have after learning they or a loved one may have the condition. Vitiligo is a skin disorder with a distinct biological basis,…
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Prevention of Vitiligo
Vitiligo is a disorder in which pigment-producing cells, called melanocytes, are damaged or lost, leading to sharply demarcated patches of lighter skin. Whether vitiligo can be fully prevented is not currently established. In most people, the condition arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, immune activity, and environmental influences rather than from a single avoidable…
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Treatment for Vitiligo
What treatments are used for vitiligo? The condition is managed with a combination of topical medications, light-based therapy, procedures such as skin grafting in selected cases, and supportive measures that reduce contrast and help stabilize disease activity. These treatments do not simply change skin color cosmetically; they are used to influence the biological processes that…
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Causes of Warts
What causes warts? In most cases, warts develop because of infection with human papillomavirus, or HPV, a group of viruses that alters the growth pattern of skin cells and produces a localized, thickened lesion. The condition arises through a specific biological process in which the virus enters the outer layers of the skin, infects basal…
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Symptoms of Urticaria
What are the symptoms of Urticaria? The defining symptoms are sudden, raised, itchy wheals on the skin, often called hives, sometimes accompanied by redness, warmth, or swelling beneath the surface. These changes arise when inflammatory mediators, especially histamine, are released from skin mast cells and increase the permeability of small blood vessels. Fluid then leaks…
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Diagnosis of Tinea pedis
Tinea pedis, commonly called athlete’s foot, is usually diagnosed by combining the patient’s symptoms with a careful skin examination and, when needed, laboratory confirmation. It is a superficial fungal infection caused by dermatophytes, organisms that feed on keratin in the outer layer of the skin. Because the infection can resemble eczema, contact dermatitis, psoriasis, bacterial…
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Diagnosis of Tinea corporis
Tinea corporis, commonly called ringworm of the body, is usually identified through a combination of clinical appearance, patient history, and, when needed, laboratory confirmation. It is a superficial fungal infection caused by dermatophytes, a group of fungi that feed on keratin in the outer layer of the skin. Because these organisms invade the stratum corneum…